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J. Hefei Univ. Tech. (Nat. Sci.)

合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)

JOURNAL OF HEFEI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (NATURAL SCIENCE)

Competent Authorities: Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China

Sponsor by: Hefei University of Technology

ISSN 1000-1646, CN 34-1001/N

Evaluation of the toxicity of polystyrene nanoplastics on tobacco plants

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聚苯乙烯纳米塑料对烟草植株的毒性评价

Journal Information

J. Hefei Univ. Tech. (Nat. Sci.), Nov.2025, Vol.48 No.11: 1520-1525

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5060.2025.11.013

Authors

ZHU Chunmeng, WANG Feng, KANG Shengmei

(School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China)

Abstract and Keywords

Abstract: In order to investigate the effects of plastics on plant growth, this paper synthesized polystyrene(PS) nanoplastics with different surface charges by microemulsion polymerization: positively charged $ NH_{2} $-polystyrene( $ NH_{2} $-PS) and negatively charged $ SO_{3} $H-polystyrene( $ SO_{3} $H-PS). Different mass concentration gradients (50, 100, 200 $ \mu $g/mL) were used to simulate PS residues in the environment, and the effects of PS on tobacco growth were evaluated by plant phenotype, chlorophyll amount, chlorophyll fluorescence-related parameters, reactive oxygen species, lipid peroxides accumulation and antioxidant-related enzyme activities. The results showed that tobacco exposed to different charges of PS exhibited reduced plant size and leaf yellowing compared with the control group, and the inhibitory effect of $ SO_{3} $H-PS was stronger than that of $ NH_{2} $-PS. The results of chlorophyll amount and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters indicated that both PS nanoplastics inhibited leaf chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthesis to varying degrees, resulting in yellowing of the leaves of the plants. The measurements of leaf hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde(MDA) accumulation and antioxidant-related enzyme activities showed that both PS nanoplastics caused the accumulation of $ H_{2}O_{2} $ and MDA, activated the antioxidant enzyme activities of tobacco, and led to the increase of SOD, POD, and CAT enzyme activities. The results of the study can be useful for investigating the effects of common PS nanoplastics in the atmosphere on plant growth.

Keywords: nanoplastics; charge; tobacco; photosynthesis; antioxidant enzyme activity

作者信息

朱春萌，王峰，康圣美

（合肥工业大学食品与生物工程学院，安徽合肥230601）

摘要和关键词

摘要: 为探究塑料对植物生长的影响,文章通过微型乳液聚合法合成了表面带不同电荷的聚苯乙烯(PS)纳米塑料:带正电的 $ NH_{2}-PS $和带负电的 $ SO_{3}H-PS $。采用不同质量浓度梯度(50、100、200 $ \mu $g/mL)来模拟环境中PS的残留,通过植株表型、叶绿素量、叶绿素荧光相关参数、活性氧、脂质过氧化物积累和抗氧化相关酶活性来评价PS对烟草生长的影响。结果表明,与对照组相比,暴露于不同电荷PS的烟草均出现植株整体变小、叶片发黄等症状,并且 $ SO_{3}H-PS $的抑制作用要强于 $ NH_{2}-PS $;叶绿素量和叶绿素荧光参数表明,2种PS纳米塑料均不同程度地抑制叶片叶绿素合成和光合作用,导致植株叶片发黄;对叶片过氧化氢、丙二醛量积累及抗氧化相关酶活性测定表明,2种PS纳米塑料均会造成 $ H_{2}O_{2} $和丙二醛(MDA)的积累,激活烟草的抗氧化酶活性,导致超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)酶活性的提高。该研究结果可为研究大气中常见的PS纳米塑料对植物生长的影响提供一定的参考。

关键词: 纳米塑料；带电性；烟草；光合作用；抗氧化酶活性

Funding

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（31971314）；安徽省重点研究与开发计划国际科技合作专项资助项目（202104b11020015）

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