Design and implementation of electronic system for real-time control of multi-points of NV centers in diamond

Journal Information

J. Hefei Univ. Tech. (Nat. Sci.), Dec.2025, Vol.48 No.12: 1610-1614

DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1003-5060.2025.12.005

Authors

HU Qidi $ ^{1} $, XU Nanyang $ ^{2,3} $, LIU Yushan $ ^{3} $, TIAN Yu $ ^{3} $

(1. School of Microelectronics, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230601, China; 2. College of Optical Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; 3. Research Center for Quantum Sensing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou 311000, China)

Abstract and Keywords

Abstract: This paper designs an electronic measurement system based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) and frequency-shift keying (FSK), which enables real-time control and signal acquisition of multipoints of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Based on the DDS technology, the conversion of digital signal to analog signal is achieved in sub-microseconds, with an output bandwidth of up to 1.4 GHz and an output delay of only 245 ns. A pulse synchronization function is designed inside the field programmable gate array (FPGA) for timing synchronization among internal modules including the signal acquisition module. At the same time, some interfaces are reserved to enhance the expandability of the system. Microwave devices such as mixers, filters, and power amplifiers are also utilized, which can meet the system's operational requirements across different frequency bands. The performance test results show that the system designed in the paper has the advantages of short output delay, continuous signal, stable power and small size.

Keywords: field programmable gate array (FPGA); direct digital synthesis (DDS); frequency sweep; frequency-shift keying (FSK); baseband signal source

作者信息

胡启迪 $ ^{1} $，徐南阳 $ ^{2,3} $，刘玉山 $ ^{3} $，田宇 $ ^{3} $

（1. 合肥工业大学微电子学院，安徽合肥 230601；2. 浙江大学光电科学与工程学院，浙江杭州 310027；3. 之江实验室量子传感中心，浙江杭州 311000）

摘要和关键词

摘要: 文章设计一种基于直接数字频率合成(direct digital synthesis, DDS)与频移键控(frequency-shift keying, FSK)的电子学测量系统, 实现对金刚石氮空位(nitrogen-vacancy, NV)色心的多频点实时调控和信号采集。该系统使用DDS技术实现数字信号到模拟信号的转换, 输出带宽可达1.4 GHz, 输出延时仅为245 ns; 在现场可编辑阵列(field programmable gate array, FPGA)内部设计脉冲同步功能, 实现信号采集模块等各内部模块之间的时序同步, 同时预留多种接口以增强系统的扩展性; 使用混频器、滤波器、功率放大器等微波器件, 满足了系统在不同频段的工作需求。性能测试结果表明, 文章设计的系统具有输出延时短、信号连续、功率稳定、体积小等优点。

关键词: 现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)；直接数字频率合成(DDS)；扫频；频移键控(FSK)；基带信号源

Funding

国家自然科学基金资助项目（92265114）

合肥工业大学学报(自然科学版)

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