异型建筑风驱雨分布特性数值研究

目前关于风驱雨(wind-driven rain，WDR)的研究主要以矩形截面建筑作为研究对象，针对常见的异型建筑WDR研究仍比较缺乏，因此揭示该类型建筑的WDR分布规律已成为WDR领域的重要工作。文章基于欧拉多相流模型的WDR数值模拟方法，模拟分析不同风速和降雨强度下3类异型建筑WDR分布特性及与典型矩形截面建筑WDR的差异。结果表明：与矩形建筑立面WDR连续分布的情况不同，异型建筑因其特殊外形的干扰，立面WDR分布更为复杂；由于迎风立面突出部分能有效减少WDR对附近区域的侵袭，转角区域的抓取率趋近于0；相较于降雨强度，风速对异型建筑立面抓取率的影响更大，当降雨强度保持不变、风速从$2\mathrm{m / s}$ 增大至 $10\mathrm{m / s}$ 时，抓取率最大值提高0.8。

At present, the research on wind-driven rain (WDR) mainly focuses on rectangular buildings, and there is still a lack of research on WDR for commonly shaped buildings. Therefore, revealing the WDR distribution pattern of this type of building has become an essential work in the field of WDR. In this paper, the WDR numerical simulation method based on the Eulerian multiphase (EM) model is used to simulate and analyze the WDR distribution characteristics of three types of shaped buildings under different wind speeds and rainfall intensities, and the differences between the WDRs of the three types of shaped buildings and those of the typical rectangular buildings. The results show that, unlike the case of a continuous distribution of the WDR on the facade of a rectangular building, the facade WDR distribution of shaped buildings is more complicated due to the interference of their particular shapes. As the protruding portion of the windward facade effectively reduces the intrusion of WDR into the neighborhood, the catch ratio in the corner area tends to be 0. Compared to the rainfall intensity, the wind speed has a more significant effect on the catch ratio of the shaped building facade, and the maximum value of the catch ratio is increased by 0.8 when the rainfall intensity is kept constant and the wind speed is increased from$2\mathrm{m / s}$ to $10\mathrm{m / s}$ .