万寿菊杂交 $ F_{1} $代组织培养快速繁殖体系的建立

万寿菊(Tagetes erecta)是提取天然色素的主要植物资源和应用广泛的园艺栽培植物，通过杂交培育的 $ F_{1} $代具有性状优良的花球但难以结籽获得后代植株。文章以3个万寿菊品种‘Juwang’‘Taishan’‘Discovery’为材料进行 $ F_{1} $代组织培育，采用带腋芽茎段为外植体分析不同培养基、植物激素配比等条件对不同品种万寿菊植株再生的影响。结果表明：3种万寿菊最佳培养基及其组成为MS、1.00 mg/L 6-苄基嘌呤（6-BA）、0.05 mg/L 萘乙酸（NAA）、30 g/L 蔗糖、8 g/L 琼脂，其中‘Juwang’较易诱导再生芽，在添加滤纸处理后再生率可达到94.44%，玻璃化率降至5.60%，添加0.2 g/L 特美汀可抑制茎段内生菌的生长；3种万寿菊最佳生根培养基及其组成为1/2MS、0.1 mg/L 吲哚乙酸（IAA）、30 g/L 蔗糖、8 g/L 琼脂，再生苗根系发达，生根率达到100%。该研究建立了3种万寿菊的高效组织培养再生体系，可为价格昂贵的优质万寿菊品种的快速繁殖及其遗传改良提供研究依据。

Marigold(Tagetes erecta) is a major plant resource for natural pigments extraction and also a widely used plant for horticulture cultivation. The hybrid $ F_{1} $ displays advantaged curds but it is difficult to set seeds for offspring. In this study, three cultivars of Tagetes erecta, Juwang, Taishan and Discovery, were used for $ F_{1} $ plantlet tissue culture. Their stem segments with axillary buds were selected as explants to detect the effects of media with different phytohormone combinations on these varieties of Tagetes erecta. The results showed that Juwang was easier to induce regenerated shoots, and the optimal induction medium was MS, 1.00 mg/L 6-BA, 0.05 mg/L NAA, 30 g/L sucrose and 8 g/L agar to indicate 94.44% of regeneration rate and 5.60% of vitrification rate after adding filter paper. The addition of 0.2 g/L timentin could inhibit the growth of endophyte in stem segments. The optimal rooting medium was 1/2MS, 0.1 mg/L IAA, 30 g/L sucrose and 8 g/L agar to indicate 100% of rooting rate and well-developed roots in regenerated plantlets. In the present study, an efficient tissue culture regeneration system was established in three marigold cultivars, which will provide a research basis for rapid propagation and genetic improvement in expensive high-quality marigold materials.