养殖废水亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化处理工程示范研究

针对规模化养殖场养殖废水传统脱氮处理工艺脱氮效率低、运行费用高等技术问题，文章提出养殖废水的亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化脱氮处理工艺，并开展示范工程研究。研究结果表明：亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺在养殖废水处理过程中运行稳定，工艺出水中氨氮 $ \left(\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}-\mathrm{N}\right) $、化学需氧量（chemical oxygen demand，COD）、悬浮固体（suspended solids，SS）、总氮（total nitrogen，TN）的平均质量浓度分别为34、58、190、127 mg/L，平均去除率分别为82.5%、81.7%、91.6%、58.3%，出水水质满足《畜禽养殖业污染物排放标准》GB 18596—2001的要求。该工艺的废水处理总成本为2.83元/ $ m^{3} $，与其他的生物处理工艺相比节约了30.0%~91.8%，表明亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺处理奶牛场养殖废水具有良好的可行性及应用价值。

Aiming at the technical problems of low nitrogen removal efficiency and high operating costs of traditional nitrogen removal treatment processes for the livestock wastewater from large-scale livestock and poultry farms, this paper proposes partial nitrification-Anammox denitrification process for the livestock wastewater, and a demonstration project study was conducted. The research results of the demonstration project indicate that partial nitrification-Anammox process can operate stably in the treatment of the livestock wastewater, the average mass concentrations of ammonia nitrogen $ (\mathrm{NH}_{4}^{+}-\mathrm{N}) $, chemical oxygen demand (COD), suspended solids (SS), and total nitrogen (TN) in the process effluent are 34, 58, 190, and 127 mg/L, respectively, and the average removal rates are 82.5%, 81.7%, 91.6%, and 58.3%, respectively, the effluent quality meets the requirements of the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Livestock and Poultry Breeding (GB 18596—2001). The total cost of wastewater treatment in this process is 2.83 yuan/m $ ^{3} $, which saves 30.0%-91.8% compared to other biological treatment processes. This indicates that partial nitrification-Anammox process for treating the livestock wastewater from dairy farms has good feasibility and application value.