用于金刚石 NV 色心多频点实时调控的电子学系统设计与实现

文章设计一种基于直接数字频率合成(direct digital synthesis, DDS)与频移键控(frequency-shift keying, FSK)的电子学测量系统, 实现对金刚石氮空位(nitrogen-vacancy, NV)色心的多频点实时调控和信号采集。该系统使用DDS技术实现数字信号到模拟信号的转换, 输出带宽可达1.4 GHz, 输出延时仅为245 ns; 在现场可编辑阵列(field programmable gate array, FPGA)内部设计脉冲同步功能, 实现信号采集模块等各内部模块之间的时序同步, 同时预留多种接口以增强系统的扩展性; 使用混频器、滤波器、功率放大器等微波器件, 满足了系统在不同频段的工作需求。性能测试结果表明, 文章设计的系统具有输出延时短、信号连续、功率稳定、体积小等优点。

This paper designs an electronic measurement system based on direct digital synthesis (DDS) and frequency-shift keying (FSK), which enables real-time control and signal acquisition of multipoints of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. Based on the DDS technology, the conversion of digital signal to analog signal is achieved in sub-microseconds, with an output bandwidth of up to 1.4 GHz and an output delay of only 245 ns. A pulse synchronization function is designed inside the field programmable gate array (FPGA) for timing synchronization among internal modules including the signal acquisition module. At the same time, some interfaces are reserved to enhance the expandability of the system. Microwave devices such as mixers, filters, and power amplifiers are also utilized, which can meet the system's operational requirements across different frequency bands. The performance test results show that the system designed in the paper has the advantages of short output delay, continuous signal, stable power and small size.