压缩机噪声源识别的稀疏近场声全息方法

文章针对冰箱压缩机外形复杂、噪声源宽频等特点导致噪声源识别分辨率低、测试成本高的问题, 在基于等效源法的近场声全息理论基础上, 引入压缩感知理论和稀疏阵列测量的方式, 建立一种基于压缩感知等效源法的稀疏近场声全息方法。该方法从理论上突破了 Nyquist 采样定理的限制, 降低了测量点数目和测试成本, 并可实现压缩机宽频噪声源的高分辨率识别。通过对某型冰箱压缩机的实验研究, 验证了该方法识别低、中、高 3 个频段噪声源的有效性, 该识别结果可为进一步开展压缩机噪声产生机理研究以及噪声控制提供重要的理论依据和指导。

In order to resolve the problems in noise source identification such as low resolution and high measurement cost for a refrigerator compressor with complex shape and wideband frequency, a sparse nearfield acoustic holography based on the compressive sensing equivalent source method is proposed on the basis of the compressive sensing theory and the nearfield acoustic holography based on the equivalent source method and by measuring with a sparse microphone array. The proposed method can break through the limitation coming from the Nyquist sampling theorem in theory, and thus has the advantage of reducing the measurement points and cost and realizing a high-resolution identification of the wideband noise sources of a refrigerator compressor. Experimental results of a type of refrigerator compressor demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for identifying the noise sources at low, medium and high frequencies, which can be further used to instruct the study on the noise generation mechanisms and control of this type of refrigerator compressor.