安徽省强对流天气灾害的时空分布特征研究

文章基于1984—2009年安徽省75个县（市）强对流天气灾害的出现次数和灾情情况等资料，以受灾人数、死亡人数、受伤人数、倒塌房屋、损伤房屋、农作物受灾面积、电力倒杆、直接经济损伤、农业经济损失等9个灾情要素，通过线性组合法构建了强对流天气灾害的综合灾损指数，并依据灾损指数确定了强对流灾害的危害程度，分为一般、较重、严重、特重4个等级。结果表明：1984—2009年安徽地区的强对流天气灾害的年出现次数和年灾损指数总体呈线性上升趋势，较重、严重、特重等级灾害表现出增长趋势；安徽省强对流天气灾害频发的月份是6—7月，夏季是灾害最频发的季节；皖北地区的灵璧县、砀山县、萧县是强对流天气灾害最严重的地区。该研究可为安徽省的强对流天气防灾减灾工作提供参考。

With data on the number of occurrences and disaster situations of strong convective weather disasters in 75 counties (cities) of Anhui Province from 1984 to 2009, the comprehensive disaster damage index of strong convective weather disasters was constructed by linear combination method with nine disaster elements, including the number of people affected, the number of deaths, the number of injuries, collapsed houses, damaged houses, affected areas of crops, collapsed power poles, direct economic damage, and agricultural economic loss. Based on the disaster damage index, the hazard level of strong convective disasters was determined, which was divided into four levels: general, heavy, severe, and extra severe. The results show that the annual occurrence number of severe convective weather disasters and the annual disaster damage index in Anhui Province from 1984 to 2009 showed a linear increasing trend, and the occurrences of the heavy, severe and extra severe disasters showed an increasing trend. The most frequent months of strong convective weather disasters in Anhui Province were June and July, and summer was the most frequent season. Lingbi County, Dangshan County and Xiaoxian County in northern Anhui Province are the most severe areas of strong convective weather disasters.