硫氮比对 MFC 生物脱氮脱硫和产电的影响

文章以硫化钠 $ \left(\mathrm{Na}_{2}\mathrm{S}\right) $溶液为阳极模拟废水，以硝酸钾 $ \left(\mathrm{KNO}_{3}\right) $溶液为阴极模拟废水，在阴、阳极室分别接种活性污泥菌群，构建双室微生物燃料电池（microbial fuel cell，MFC），考察不同硫元素与氮元素的质量比（简称“硫氮比”）对生物脱氮除硫与产电性能的影响。实验结果表明：当硫氮比为5：5时，系统中脱氮、除硫与产电性能最佳，阴极室的硝酸盐出口液质量浓度从100.00 mg/L降至8.68 mg/L，转化率为91.32%，运行周期为90 h，平均转化速率为24.35 mg/(L·d)；硫化物的转化率为98.84%，脱氮脱硫的效率最高，同时MFC的电流密度和功率密度均达到最大值，分别为16 875 mA/m $ ^{3} $、1 560.56 mW/m $ ^{3} $。16S rRNA测序结果表明，MFC阳极富集的优势菌属为Chlorobaculum、Desulfobacterium和Longilinea等，而阴极反硝化优势菌属为Acidovorax、Thermomonas和Nitrospira等，且硫氮比影响优势菌属的菌群丰度。

To investigate the effects of different sulfur to nitrogen ratios (mass ratios of sulfur to nitrogen) on the nitrogen and sulfur removal and electrogenesis performance of microbial fuel cell (MFC), sodium sulfide ( $ Na_{2}S $) solution was used as anode simulated wastewater, potassium nitrate ( $ KNO_{3} $) solution was used as cathode simulated wastewater, and MFC activated sludge was inoculated in the anode and cathode chambers respectively. The results show that when the ratio of sulfur to nitrogen is 5:5, the nitrogen and sulfur removal and electrogenesis performance in the system is the best, the mass concentration of the nitrate outlet solution of the cathode chamber decreases from 100.00 mg/L to 8.68 mg/L, the conversion rate is 91.32%, the operating period is 90 h, and the average conversion rate is 24.35 mg/(L·d); the conversion rate of sulfide is 98.84%, the efficiency of nitrogen and sulfur removal is the highest. In addition, the current density and power density reach the maximum, which are 16 875 mA/m $ ^{3} $ and 1 560.56 mW/m $ ^{3} $, respectively. The 16S rRNA sequencing shows that Chlorobaculum, Desulfobacterium and Longilinea are the dominant bacteria related to sulfides degradation by MFC, and Acidovorax, Thermomonas and Nitrospira are dominant denitrifying bacteria. Sulfur to nitrogen ratio affects the abundance of dominant bacteria.