基于主动前轮转向控制的汽车侧风稳定性研究

文章针对高速汽车在侧风环境下的气动稳定性问题, 建立汽车空气动力学与汽车多体动力学的动态双向耦合分析模型; 考虑线性二次型调节器(linear quadratic regulator, LQR) 的主动前轮转向控制对高速车辆侧风稳定性的影响, 并采用定方向盘转角验证主动前轮转向模型的鲁棒性; 对比分析某轿车在有、无主动前轮转向控制下的运动与流场特性。研究结果表明, 在侧风作用下, 有、无主动前轮转向控制的车辆最大侧向位移分别为 0.13 m 和 1.98 m, 最大横摆角分别为 0.41° 和 -2.33°, 其中最大侧向位移减小了 93%, 最大横摆角减小了 82%, 因此采用主动前轮转向控制可以明显改善汽车的侧风稳定性。

Aiming at the aerodynamic stability of high-speed vehicle in crosswind environment, a dynamic bidirectional coupling analysis model of vehicle aerodynamics and vehicle multibody dynamics is established. The influence of active front wheel steering control of linear quadratic regulator (LQR) on the crosswind stability of high-speed vehicle is considered. The robustness of the active front wheel steering model is verified by using the fixed steering wheel angle, and the motion and flow field characteristics of a car with and without active front wheel steering control are compared and analyzed. The results show that under the crosswind, the maximum lateral displacement of vehicle with and without active front wheel steering control is 0.13 m and 1.98 m, and the maximum yaw angle is 0.41° and -2.33°, respectively, in which the maximum lateral displacement is reduced by 93%, and the maximum yaw angle is reduced by 82%. Therefore, the active front wheel steering control can significantly improve the crosswind stability of vehicle.